Laboratory reference ranges reflect methods, populations, and policies, and experienced clinicians interpret them in context rather than applying fixed cutoffs theoretically.

Medical Care, Vol. 57, No. 5, SUPPLEMENT 1: A PRO-cision Medicine Toolkit for Personalizing Care Using Patient-Reported Outcomes: Methods for Interpreting and Acting on PRO Scores in Clinical Practice ...

Support the resolution of differences across countries in setting national and international nutrition standards; Promote consistency in public and clinical health objectives; Provide a mechanism for ...

Real-world one-year overall survival among patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) treated with liposomal irinotecan in the NAPOLI-1 based regimen. Newly derived ref values ...

Many of the challenges we address here were evident to the pioneers of medical decision analysis of the 1950s 7 and to scholars in subsequent decades 8-11 who conducted careful and creative studies of ...